The principle of temperature regulation in electronic cigarettes mainly relies on the change in the resistance of the heating wire and chip control. The following is a specific analysis:
The temperature regulation function of electronic cigarettes is mainly achieved through temperature control technology, and its core principle is to utilize the characteristic that the resistance of metal heating wires changes with temperature. Specifically, the heating wire (usually made of metals such as nickel, titanium or stainless steel) has an initial resistance value at room temperature. When current passes through, the temperature of the heating wire rises, causing a change in the resistance value. The chip calculates the actual temperature of the heating wire by monitoring the resistance changes in real time and combining the preset temperature coefficient (TCR). When the temperature reaches the target value set by the user, the chip will automatically adjust the output power and reduce the current to maintain a stable temperature, avoiding overheating or dry burning.
In the temperature control mode, the chip adjusts the power by periodically increasing and decreasing the voltage to ensure that the resistance change of the heating wire always corresponds to the set temperature. For instance, if the user sets the temperature to 220℃, the chip will continuously monitor the resistance value. Once it detects that the resistance has reached the corresponding value for that temperature, it will immediately reduce the output power to prevent the temperature from rising further. This process is similar to the cruise control system of a car, which always keeps the temperature within the set range.
To ensure the accuracy of temperature control, the chip needs to be built-in with the TCR data of the corresponding material. The TCR values of different metal materials vary. For instance, the resistance of nickel, titanium and 316 stainless steel changes with temperature in different ways. If a temperature control mode that does not match the material of the heating wire is used, the chip will be unable to accurately convert the temperature, resulting in the failure of the temperature control function. Therefore, users need to select the corresponding temperature control mode according to the material of the heating wire.
In addition, some electronic cigarettes also adopt PID algorithm temperature control technology. Through the proportional-integral-differential control system, the temperature fluctuation of the atomization chamber is controlled within ±1℃, further improving the accuracy of temperature regulation. Meanwhile, by adjusting the intake air volume or output power, users can also indirectly affect the smoke temperature. For example, increasing the pores can lower the steam temperature, while increasing the output power will accelerate the heating rate.